Suchergebnisse

La confianza social y política son factores del capital social. El artº se basa en la precisión de su medida y comparación a lo largo del tiempo. Se lleva a cabo un análisis factorial de grupos múltiples (AFCGM), teniéndose en cuenta diferentes niveles de invariancia de medida. Se usan datos españoles de la ESE entre el año 2002 y 2008. Se comparan las medias de factores latentes de la confianza social y política en los diferentes años. Los resultados muestran una estabilidad de la confianza social y política durante el periodo estudiado, a excepción del 2004 con un mayor nivel de confianza política, y del 2006 con un nivel más elevado de confianza social. Finalmente, se compara esta medida con la media compuesta tradicional, demostrando la inexactitud de esta última para la comparación entre grupos.

Fundamental aspects of human existence such as birth and death are at the core of our values and profoundly sensitive to our religious beliefs, our ideals as a society, and our opinions on the extent to which individuals may interfere in these basic life issues. This article analyses the factors that explain people's attitudes towards key beginning- and end-of-life issues. To do this, we first tracked variations across two points in time, and then looked at the effects of value orientations and socio-demographic factors in comparative perspective across countries. Based on previous literature, we consider justification for euthanasia, abortion, and in vitro fertilisation as a latent variable using European Value Study data from the 2008 and 2017 waves. Five European societies were analysed: Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, and Russia. All the countries observed showed growing levels of justification for these practices, although significant differences were found in the value orientation effects and respondents´ background variables on attitudes towards life and death issues. In order to properly address comparability, multi-group confirmatory factor analyses across countries and across waves were conducted, and measurement invariance tested. From our analyses, we can conclude that age and religiosity, alongside other sociodemographic variables, are important explanatory factors in the justification of life and death issues in all the countries examined; however, value orientations show less conclusive effects on such attitudes.

Which policies should the European Union (EU) regulate? Which issues should national governments regulate? This is a crucial issue within the EU. Citizens in EU member states have had little influence on decisions allocating political decision-making powers between the supranational and the national/regional levels. Given this situation, it is important to study the supranationalism of people in different European countries. The issues addressed here are the following: - How can one determine the supranationalism of European citizens? - Is the homogeneity of these opinions such that one scale can be used for the whole of Europe? Data used are obtained from the first round of the European Social Survey. The paper reports on an effort to develop a cumulative (Mokken) scale of supranationalism. The paper concludes that one unique scale does not exist that is applicable to all European countries; however, different cumulative scales can be constructed for four clusters of countries. Finally, cross cultural comparisons are carried out testing different hypotheses relating the level of supranationalism with political trust, age, education and establishment in the area.